Ingredients
- 3 cups (375–430 g) all-purpose or bread flour
- 1½ cups (355 ml) warm water
- 1 tsp salt
- ½–1 tsp instant or active dry yeast
- 3–4 cloves garlic, finely minced
- 2 tbsp fresh rosemary, finely chopped
- 1 tbsp olive oil
- 1 tsp honey or sugar
- 1 tbsp melted butter, optional for brushing
- Extra fresh rosemary for topping
- ½ tsp coarse salt for topping, optional
Instructions
- Make the dough: In a large bowl, mix flour, yeast, salt, garlic, and chopped rosemary.
- Add liquids: Stir in warm water, olive oil, and honey. Mix until a sticky, shaggy dough forms. No kneading is needed.
- Let it rise: Cover tightly and leave at room temperature for 8–18 hours, until doubled, bubbly, and airy.
- Shape: Turn the dough onto a lightly floured surface. Gently fold the edges toward the center and shape into a round loaf. Place on parchment paper.
- Preheat: Put a covered Dutch oven in the oven and heat to 450°F (232°C) for about 30 minutes.
- Bake covered: Carefully transfer the dough with parchment into the hot Dutch oven. Cover and bake for 25–30 minutes.
- Brown the crust: Remove the lid and bake another 10–15 minutes, until deeply golden and crisp.
- Finish: Brush lightly with melted butter or olive oil and add fresh rosemary.
- Cool: Let the bread cool for at least 30–45 minutes before slicing so the inside sets properly.
Nutrition — Approx. per slice
- Calories: 170–190 kcal
- Protein: 5–6 g
- Carbohydrates: 32–35 g
- Fat: 2–4 g
- Fiber: 1–2 g
Nut / Allergen Information
- Peanuts: None
- Tree nuts: None
- Dairy: None in the basic recipe; butter is optional
- Eggs: None
- Gluten: Yes, from wheat flour
- Soy: Usually none, but check flour/packaged ingredients
- Sesame: None unless added
Q/S — Quick Questions & Substitutions
Can I use all-purpose flour?
Yes. Bread flour gives a slightly chewier loaf, but all-purpose works very well.
Can I use dried rosemary?
Yes. Use about 2 teaspoons dried rosemary instead of 2 tablespoons fresh.
Can I reduce the rising time?
Yes, but the long rise gives this bread its airy texture and deeper flavor.
Can I add Parmesan?
Yes. Sprinkle ¼–½ cup Parmesan over the dough before baking for a cheesy version.
Can I make it without a Dutch oven?
Yes. Bake on a parchment-lined baking sheet and create steam in the oven with a pan of hot water.
Why is my bread dense?
The dough may not have risen enough. Wait until it looks noticeably puffy and has visible bubbles before shaping.
Can I freeze it?
Yes. Slice after cooling completely, wrap tightly, and freeze for up to about 2–3 months.